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<?php

class MyClass
{
  private $data = [];

public function __get($name)
  {
    // This magic method is called when a non-existent or inaccessible property is accessed.
    // The parameter $name contains the name of the property that was accessed.

// The `array_key_exists()` function checks if the specified key exists in the array.
    // In this case, it checks if the property with the name specified in $name exists in the $data array.

if (array_key_exists($name, $this->data)) {
      // If the property exists in the $data array, return its value.
      return $this->data[$name];
    }
  }

public function __set($name, $value)
  {
    // This magic method is called when a non-existent or inaccessible property is set.
    // The parameter $name contains the name of the property that was set, and $value contains its value.

// The value of the property is stored in the $data array with the property name as the key.
    $this->data[$name] = $value;
  }
}

$obj = new MyClass();
$obj->foo = 'bar'; // Calls the __set() magic method, setting the 'foo' property to the value 'bar'.
echo $obj->foo; // Calls the __get() magic method, retrieving the value of the 'foo' property and outputting it.

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